Significant Life Events - Solution is Just a Click Away

Questions: 1.1 Explain the effect of critical life occasions on people? 1.2 Analyze conceivable gathering reactions to noteworthy life occasions that happen to one of its individuals? 1.3 Analyze the effect for others in wellbeing and social consideration when an individual encounters huge life occasion? 2.1 Evaluate the viability of hierarchical strategies and techniques in supporting indviduals and their interpersonal organizations influenced by critical life occasions? 2.2 Explain how others in informal communities may offer help to people experienceing critical life occasions? Does The Intricacy of The Topic Intimidate You? Tame Your Fear with Unmatched Assignment Help Services from Professional Writers. 2.3 Evaluate the appropriateness of outer wellsprings of help for those influenced by huge life occasions? 3.1 Analyze conceivable authoritative reactions to the need to help people encountering a critical life occasion? 3.2 Reflect on own commitments to the help of people experienceing critical life occasions? 3.3 Make proposals for improving tge bolster accessible in a wellbeing and social consideration association for people and their informal organizations when influenced by noteworthy life occasions? Answers: 1.1: Impact of Significant Life occasions on people Life occasions can be considered as changes that happen in the life of a person in an unexpected and here and there in a sudden way for which the individual might not have been prepared and along these lines may set aside some effort to manage it(Cook, 2006). In any case, it isn't obligatory that a real existence occasion must be terrible and in this manner effectsly affect a specific person. A huge life occasion can be a positive one too where the person in whos life the specific occasion happens might be emphatically affected by the occasion out and out. Therefore in this setting some life occasions can be attractive while others may not be alluring. Along these lines, various occasions can have diverse sort of effect on the individual and can be comprehended and clarified in different manners. The order of life occasions are done based on making a decision about precisely how much upsetting they are to one. This strategy had been endeavored by Holmes and Rahe in the year 1967. Bas ed on this model or kind of arrangement, the existence occasions can be characterized or classified into 40 distinct classes. For instance, the dying of a friend or family member is truly bothersome and can wind up having an exceptionally awful effect in a people life. This is a sort of negative life occasion and it has the capability of making a great deal of pressure or strain in ones life(Eldredge, 1998). Another case of this sort can be getting terminated from the expert field and along these lines turning out to be jobless which would bring about a lot of pressure in ones life. In any case, then again, the existence occasions like that of getting hitched, or being advanced, or having an infant is very attractive and may affect ones life. Accordingly the general effect of an actual existence occasion on a particular individual is a lot of reliant on the sort of life occasion mulled over and along these lines may differ from one to the next (Burton, Forsyth and Obel, 1989). 1.2: Analysis of Group Responses to Significant Life Events In the event of a gathering reacting to a real existence occasion that has occurred in the life of one of its individuals, there are various reactions to various life occasions (Buto, 2004). In any case, it is nevertheless a typical piece of the conduct and reaction of the gathering, that the gathering consistently attempts to help its part and attempts to make the circumstance as ordinary as feasible for the person in question. If there should be an occurrence of the unfortunate life occasions, the gathering attempts to relate to the part is straightforwardly influenced by this life occasion and the manners by which diverse unwanted occasions are dealt with is to be noted. For instance, the gathering may direct a wide range of meetings to improve the psychological or mental condition of the concerned individual who is influenced by it(Redfield, 2013). For instance, if in the event that an individual has lost a friend or family member that individual may feel forlorn and empty for th e event of such an actual existence occasion and this opening is should have been filled by the gathering. Also, they have to draw in the influenced individual in various exercises, so he might be diverted for some time and with time subsequently can come back to the ordinary method of life as quickly as time permits. Possibly at least one leisure activities of the influenced individual is energized or the gathering in itself starts some gathering exercises which will help the influenced individual in one manner or the other. One strategy or way that is embraced by the various gatherings is that of singing together. Since music as of now has a quieting impact on the psyche of an individual, so thusly is very useful for the individuals who need to come out of an extremely distressing period in their life(Podany, 2003). And yet there are numerous other various ways which can be taken up by the gathering so as to help or help one of its individuals who is by and large contrarily influe nced by the existence occasion to come out of it in a smooth and simple manner. Then again, if there should arise an occurrence of the alluring life occasions, the gathering reacts in a positive way and energizes and salutes its part for going into this much attractive period of their life.Getting wedded and having an infant are the existence occasions which will fall in this specific classification. 1.3: Impact on Others in Health and Social Care The effect on the others present in the Health and Social Care association can be not quite the same as each other based on the kind of the existence occasion that one is experiencing (Erratum: Can Adolescents Predict Significant Life Events?, 2008). In any case, the laborers being of capable in nature will in general offer significance to such factors and along these lines help out the other individual in every single manner that they can. In such an association, different individuals attempt to discover manners by which they can assist a person as the necessities and prerequisites of one individual contrasts from the other(Coty, 2011). In this way the fundamental factor really lies in understanding a person. Just if an individual can comprehend the other individual in a legitimate manner, the person will have the option to help and help the other person who is experiencing a noteworthy life occasion. 3.1: Analysis of Organizational Responses to the need to Support Individuals Various associations where a specific individual confronting a huge life occasion should be increasingly worried about supporting the person under every single circumstance (Golemon, 2006). A general mindfulness should be made with respect to the need of supporting the people in an association who are experiencing some life occasions throughout their life. Since an individual has the inclination of missing out on the ordinary equalization in their lives, in this way it is required for the individuals around him to help him in the manner that is required by him. This will help the individual in returning to his typical life and along these lines he can work in a superior manner too(Cranwell-Ward Abbey, 2005). For instance, if an individual is enduring a result of the event of a totally unfortunate beneficial experience, at that point he should be worried and would not have the psychological solidarity to adapt up to his enthusiastic breakdown and the weight of his expert field at the equivalent time(Norgaard, 2011). Along these lines because of it, the exhibition and the profitability of the individual will continue detoriating and this will in the long run be reflected in a repetitive manner in his own work. The individual won't have the option to work in a legitimate manner as long as he isn't back in his ordinary life where he can adjust everything. This is the thing that the association needs to comprehend and along these lines bolster the person in the required way (Tidd and Hull, 2003). In instances of attractive life occasions as well, the individual needs the help of his association. For instance, if a woman is pregnant this is a truly alluring occasion however the association needs to help her by giving the necessary leaves so she can accomplish her work in a superior manner with no physical distress or different interruptions (Kronenfeld, 2010). 3.2: Reflection on Personal Contribution For my situation, I have consistently attempted to be there in an appropriate manner close to the individuals who are encountering any sort of huge life occasion in their life. One of my dear companions had experienced a terrible stage in his life after he lost his mom in an auto crash (McIntosh, 2007). He was exceptionally near his mom and therefore her dying in such an abrupt and grievous way had shaken him up in a terrible manner. He had felt lost and there was a state of time when he would not like to proceed with his own life. This is the point at which I realized that he must be made to come out of this downturn that he had gone into. So I attempted to perk him up and support him in taking a gander at life from an alternate point of view through and through (Starr, 1982). I would take him out to a great deal of workshops on otherworldliness and arousing of the spirit so he could feel somewhat less connected to anything natural and along these lines discover a feeling of fleecin ess inside himself(Ainsworth, 2000). Since he was an aficionado of music I would tune in to different sorts of melodies and stay with him as much as Possible. This had a beneficial outcome in his life yet he was still somewhat reserved from everyone and that is the means by which he loves it. At that point I took him to an outing of trekking as he had for a long while been itching to go. All these in the long run helped him to come out of his profound melancholy and in this way move on in the end. The loss of his mom may never be satisfied however he realized that how will generally be solid and proceed onward (McVea, Gow and Lowe, 2011). This has been a learning experience for me as well and I have a superior comprehension of how to manage myself just as some other person who is experiencing a critical occasion in his own life. 3.3: Recommendations More than any specialized preparing or other comparative learning experience, what is truly required is a feeling of humankind and an individual inclination for the individuals around. Thi

The occurence of the earthquake Essay Example for Free

The occurence of the seismic tremor Essay The event of the seismic tremor danger and the most elevated level of helplessness is focused upon the financially creating countries. Talk about reality of this announcement and make suggestions concerning how LEDC’s may deal with the tremor risks. Quake risks are one of the three land perils that happen. Seismic tremors have loads of vitality that cause pulverization on the planet. There are up to 3000 quakes for each year and around 30 reason genuine harm. The vast majority of the harm happens in LEDC’s in light of the fact that poor framework and lodging isn't tremor evidence. The path forward is to oversee seismic tremors risks in LEDC’s so when they do strike the zone isn't probably going to endure loads of harm and death toll. The earth is comprised of a wide range of plate tectonics, some huge like the Pacific plate and some little like the Nazca plate. Most movement happens are plate limits and there are three sorts of limits. Ruinous plate limits are the place one plate the less thick Nazca (sima) is sub ducting under another progressively thick plate, South American (sial). Traditionalist plate limits just slide place one another and are very idle. Seismic tremors are uncommon here contrasted with damaging plate limits. There is likewise valuable plate limits, where plates are pulling separated and ocean channels and edges show up. At the point when grating develops between the two plates moving towards one another reason erosion to discharge and cause a tremor. LEDC have most noteworthy measure of helplessness because of the measure of poor foundation and poor crisis reaction. The seismic hole hypothesis helps researchers precisely foresee where a quake will happen, anyway they can't state when. Istanbul in Turkey is on the 1500 km separation point called the San Antonio. Researchers can say that Istanbul will be the following spot in view of the exact expectation of the Izmit Bay Earthquake. It is before Istanbul on the separation point and researchers said it was next in 1998 and in August 1999 their expectations worked out as expected. It was a size of 2. 4 and gone on for around 45 seconds. Because Turkey is viewed as a LEDC’s doesn’t imply that it has a more probable possibility of a tremor happening. Japan is viewed as a MEDC and is a hotspot for quakes as it is the gathering point for plates, for example, the Pacific from the East and the Eurasian from the west. Kobe has a seismic tremor in 1995 and made mass devastation the territory. It caused 4,500 passings and upto 100,000 individuals were made destitute. It was viewed as the most expensive fiasco in history since Kobe is a created city and its framework and structures crumbled in the calamity. 56,000 structures were demolished and numerous power and gas lines were upset. It came as a stun when such a large number of structures crumbled as in 1981 new structure guideline were presented. To make structures seismic tremor verification it is just several level of the all out expense of the structure so it is justified, despite all the trouble. Anyway huge numbers of the structures in Kobe are old and the expense of overhauling them would be between $50-100 billion. Mexico is additionally a hotspot for some tremors all things considered on the gathering purpose of the plates. The subduction of the Cocos Plate under the North American plate has made the mountain go in Mexico is likewise the reason for some eartquakes and volcanoes. Mexico City has an enormous populace of 8. 8 million inhabitats. The city has an issue as it is based on a lake. The zone has been depleted, however when a tremor happens liquefaction occurs and this is the place structures sink in the sloppy soil. One structure is considered the most secure on the planet and it is situated in New Mexico, Mexico. Torres Major has establishments that are multiple times as profound as the Empire Building at 60m. These consistent establishments go into the hard bedrock underneath and assimilate the vitality from the seismic tremor. The architect Dr Leonardo Zeevaert when took the task on considered manners by which he could make the structure as seismic tremor evidence as could be expected under the circumstances. Safeguards were added to the structures so when the earth stun the structure would move with it. This was to forestall the structure turning out to be to fixed and beening stun to death when a seismic tremor happens. In spite of the fact that Mexico City has one of the safetest assembling a great part of the remainder of the city has no such karma. In excess of 1,000 private homes need more consideration, however they have no what other place to go, so the work can't happen. There is likewise serious congestion in the city which has made 32 condos in the city be packed with 450 individuals. This has caused the issue of families thumping down supporting dividers to make the condos greater. Thumping down dividers has caused the buildings’ solidness to debilitate and increasingly possibility of falling. There is additionally the issue that there is no structure guidelines and no training to the nearby individuals about how to make homes more secure, which ought to be the government’s need. LEDC’s are bound to endure building harm in view of poor development and problematic structure materials. In Istanbul, Turkey the nation should attempt to prepare for the seismic tremor that is anticipated to come, anyway they are most certainly not. There has been an expansion in the quantity of structures both illicit and lawful because of the expansion of populace that are moving to the capital. half of the new forms are illicit as the contractual workers are more worried about cash and benefits than security. It is anticipated that if the tremor occurs about 70% of the structures will be smoothed because of the vibrations. It would be suggested that for places like Turkey, to thoroughly implement building guidelines. There ought to be an improvement in the manner structures are planned, for example, having further establishments or included cross preparing for greater soundness. The manner by which cement is blended is additionally significant in helping the structure be sturdier. Generally speaking loads of harm has happened in LEDC’s in view of absence of cash in building better and more tremor evidence structures. Later on places like Turkey that will undoubtedly have a seismic tremor ought to have more reviewers to authorize and protect better lodging is fabricated. In spite of the fact that Mexico has fabricated the most secure structure on the planet, they have disregarded a significant part of the private houses where the least fortunate of individuals live. On the off chance that there is a seismic tremor sooner rather than later Mexico and other LEDC nations will even now have a similar decimation as they did previously.

Bradbury s depiction of schools driven by technol Essays

Bradbury' s delineation of schools driven by innovation and game joins past theoretical works which communicated doubt at innovation's significance and moral job in the study hall or the library. In her overview of how books and libraries show up in cutting edge writings, Katherine Pennavaria shows how, from the late nineteenth century , sci-fi routinely indicated tainted or simply artefactual writings being transmitted through progressively tyr annical or vile innovation. Doctored or hello there tech t exts can just create a simulacrum of the procedure of fundamental comprehension (what pre-present day culture would have called lectio ) and reflective perusing ( meditatio ), for there is nothing behind these writings . There is a r esulting disintegration of residents' capacity to think fundamentally, observe falsehood, maintain a strategic distance from unimportance, and make new messages. The personnel of individual and public acumen was under specific danger during the 1950s as t he House Unamerican Activities Committee (HUAC) looked for a phenomenal degree of restriction. T he American Library Association's 1953 explanation The Freedom to Read contended that the ord inary person's activity of basic judgment was the defense against g overnment-supported concealment (Preamble). Bradbury shows an instructive framework which attempts to disintegrate the staff of basic judgment by efficiently dissolving understudies' understanding of, or crave the all-inclusive conversation that genuine idea requires...[and] the gathering of information and ide as into sorted out assortments (ALA, Preamble). Clarisse's powerful protest shows a characteristic inclination for human questioners even with repetitive, straightforward innovation . Sound, important memory is an incorporation of the human (the valid, the real) and the litera ry (the lovely, the commendable). Bradbury contends that this blend is contained in the valid, memory-taking care of content, not a slight and in authentic innovative medium. Where formal tutoring neglects to hinder scholarly development, different components of social control work all the more correctionally against it. The burni ng of the elderly person in Part One stays one of twentieth-century fiction's most piercing portrayals of social biblioclasm . The elderly person meets the Firemen with a citation from Foxe's Booke of Martyrs : Play the man, Master Ridley; we will this sunshine such a light, by God's beauty, in England, as I trust will never be put out (43). By appropriating Hugh Latimer's words, the elderly person confirms her perusing and the moral utilization of this perusing. She has coordinated Latimer's words so totally into her memory that this discourse demonstration both uncovers her disposition to the curr ent setting, and conflates it with Hugh Latimer's . The two settings are offered as a powerful influence for the atemporal res persecution of the innocentof which they are just worldly examples. In her investigation of individuals u tilizing others' abstract words in extremis , Mary Carruthers comments on the significant reconciliation between influence, moral mindfulness, and recollective memory which is required to play out this . Where a peruser talks again another's words shows that the understudy of the content, having processed it by re-encountering it in memory, has become not its translator, bu t its new creator, or re-creator (210). By and by, the significance of Aristotle's remark about information being made out of the recollections of others is apparent in Bradbury's tale. Carruthers remarks that

Research Critique Infection Prevention Behaviours

Question: Examine about theResearch Critique for Infection Prevention Behaviors. Answer: Research Critique: Research investigate is the evaluate who is getting included to discover shortcoming of the examination article. All the time an exploration article contributes an undertaking to discover an answer through the examination movement. The arrangement may not be get arrived at constantly however the exertion should be credible an examination scrutinize took and attempt to jugged the credibility of the exploration venture and offer recommendation to the future endeavors in that equivalent heading by discovering the lacunas or the weakness of the past research (Glanz,. what's more, Bishop, 2010). A basic valuation for the article Infection avoidance as a show: A subjective investigation of attendants disease counteraction practices contributed via Carole Jackson ,Karen Lowton, Peter Griffiths will assist with building up an appropriate comprehension to peruser just as the future scientist in regards to the adequacy of the article and its careful commitment to the chose field. From the outset it is imperative to receive a viewpoint to pass judgment on the article from the point of view of the theory of the examination. The key issue of this examination is to discover the specific idea of resistance and wrong conduct. The theory of this exploration is resistance and improper conduct is one of the significant reason for the scattering of disease( Glass,. furthermore, McAtee, 2006) The exploration took an endeavor to explain the specific idea of resistance and unseemly conduct. As indicated by this setting it very well may be said that the scientists remain center to the expressed theory all through the examination procedure. The exploration discoveries are steady with the examination course given by the speculation. Point of the examination to will be to discover the underlying drivers of the scattering of contamination through the human conduct. In this exploration the specialists chose a specific network for their examination. The medical attendants are the social insurance proficient with required capability and expert preparing it likewise reality that they are the individuals with communicate with irresistible individual deliberately. From that setting one supposition can be made based on carefulness this network soups to hold some expert code. The center network of the specialists doesnt speak to the standard populace of the general public. In explore th eory there is a sign towards the conventional social act of the ordinary citizens however the medicinal services experts don't have a place with that category(Whitley, Kite, and Adams, 2012). From this perception it very well may be said that the exploration discoveries may not speak to the specific situation of the conduct practice of the regular masses. The finding and the conversation segment of this examination article made a detailed conversation with respect to the act of medicinal services proficient and furthermore fused some abstract explanations have a place with them yet didnt made a solitary sign towards the Psychological hypothesis of Cognitive cacophony and the idea of resistance component. The assignment of conduct is to a great extent rely up upon human brain science as opposed to social procedure of support. The analyst received a restrictive edge towards a specific prepared and qualified network and evaded the social reality. The disease may get scattered through t he wrong conduct may have a place with the any side of the human network not from the social insurance proficient just (Parens, Chapman,. furthermore, Press, 2006). The presentation of the article resounded the expression made in the speculation and endeavored to legitimize the point of view received by the analysts. The significant logical inconsistency of the entire delineation is the theory depicted the consequence of certain conduct attribute in an uncontrolled climate. Uncontrolled climate consistently oversees by standard that direct society yet the human services setting is a controlled air that is managed by the code of normalization and exposed to review on the interest of the circumstance. The chance and practice of fortification is conceivable here. Acquaintance endeavored with legitimize an objective position for a silly decision. In examine finding the issue of supporting the silly, got mirrored the exploration made an inside and out examination of the conduct detail of the medical caretaker network. In this course of research the scientists have taken meetings of the medical caretaker and wellbeing experts and gathered their social subtleties for the ordinary practice. The subject of consistence emerges in that purpose of time. The mechanical idea of human conduct is lying underneath the standard development of the people (Patton, 2005. ). The entire research ought to get oversees by the mental hypotheses as opposed to inconsistent data with respect to the act of human services. The significant point of any explores venture is to sum up the discoveries of research. Controlled condition is required for certain examination practice that requests natural intercession to accomplish the discoveries yet in the event that the controlled condition is the base of the exploration the discoveries of the exploration can't function as a summed up verbalization of certain normal social attribute the entire research has been restricted to certain network and speaking to the basic quality of human conduct The purpose of contr5adiction is coming out of that. The exploration is putting accentuate on the subjective examining in stead of quantitative one. So as to discover the subjective data the exploration put more accentuation on the meeting and the individual encounters of the person.. This procedure won't eloquent the regular pattern of training. In finding the analysts demonstrated not many focuses those have a place with the regular human instinct. The issue of excusing the nonsensical action of somebody or discovering unreasonableness in the conduct approach of the others instead of self are the basic indication of the idea of intellectual disharmony. In the event that the scientist embrace the procedure of Psychoanalysis rather subjective examiner the methodology of an individual will verbalize reality that can be coon and the speculation of the finding can be occurred that encourage the chance of the farter explore (Schulsinger,Mednick,. also, Knop, 2012). Taking everything into account it very well may be said that the conduct irregularity caused the social issue as well as general wellbeing issue too that is the explanation this kind of research attempt can increase the value of the psychological act of the scholarly community. The cardinal objective of these subjective practice ought to be the utilization of the psychological finding for the improvement of the human life that is the explanation the applied side of the exploration ought to get consolidated. Reference: Glanz, K. what's more, Bishop, D.B., 2010. The job of social science hypothesis being developed and usage of general wellbeing mediations. Yearly audit of general wellbeing, 31, pp.399-418. Glass, T.A. what's more, McAtee, M.J., 2006. Social science at the intersection in general wellbeing: broadening skylines, imagining what's to come. Sociology medication, 62(7), pp.1650-1671. Whitley, B.E., Kite, M.E. furthermore, Adams, H.L., 2012. Standards of research in conduct science. Routledge. Parens, E., Chapman, A.R. furthermore, Press, N., 2006. Grappling with conduct hereditary qualities: science, morals, and open discussion. JHU Press. Patton, M.Q., 2005. Subjective research. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Schulsinger, F., Mednick, S.A. what's more, Knop, J. eds., 2012. Longitudinal research: Methods and uses in social science (Vol. 1). Springer Science Business Media.

Social Control and the Salem Witch Trials Research Paper Example

Social Control and the Salem Witch Trials Paper Throughout everyday life, people structure gatherings to get an ideal decent more successfully. This great regularly can't be delivered separately, and this specific products accessibility is commonly restricted outside the gathering. Therefore, it appears that it is in a people wellbeing to stay a piece of this gathering and work adequately with different individuals to deliver their ideal aggregate great. Notwithstanding, when individuals are confronted with two restricting strategies, one which will profit their individual end and the other that will profit the gathering all in all, there are consistently bunch individuals that will decide to seek after the individual end. Utilizing the elements that influence bunch solidarity it is conceivable to clarify why degenerates now and again seek after their own individual personal responsibility, and alternately, what makes some dormant freaks stay trustworthy gathering individuals focused on the solidarity of the gathering. In his book Principles of Group Solidarity, Michael Hechter records a few factors that impact bunch solidarity. As indicated by Hechter, bunch solidarity can be characterized as each gathering individuals readiness to add to the enthusiasm of the whole gathering, or the general population. Inside the gathering, solidarity differs for two principle reasons; the breadth of every individual commitments, and every individual consistence with their commitments. Analyzing every one of these reasons Hechter infers that a people breadth of their gathering commitments will increment when each gathering part is subject to each other to create their ideal great. Additionally, a people consistence with their gathering commitments will increment when the gathering is adequately checked, and when assents are appropriately exacted. We will compose a custom paper test on Social Control and the Salem Witch Trials explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Social Control and the Salem Witch Trials explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Social Control and the Salem Witch Trials explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer In this manner, as per Hechter, a gathering will display solidarity when the individuals are associated on each other to create their ideal great, and a suitable arrangement of observing exists that yields approvals to freaks. In any case, bunch solidarity is just as solid as the gathering part generally ready to go astray from their commitments to the gathering and seek after their own personal circumstance. Hechter clarifies that the sane self seeker will pick the game-plan that, given the data accessible to them and their capacity to process it, they think will deliver most extreme utility. (Hechter, 30) If the balanced vain person decides to seek after an individual end, as opposed to the aggregate enthusiasm of the gathering, this choice could prompt the possible defeat of the gathering. Given this record, one would be persuaded that whenever sane gathering individuals would digress from the gathering so as to fulfill their own personal circumstances. Be that as it may, as we ar e going to see, the components sketched out before exist to keep idle degenerates from seeking after their individual end. Moreover, there are a few situations when it genuinely is to the greatest advantage of the person to seek after the end that will profit the gathering all in all, in light of the fact that thusly they will profit more noteworthy from that strategy. We will currently take a gander at a few guides to show what variables impact the solidarity of a gathering. At first, lets consider a turning credit relationship, in which a gathering of people add to a typical reserve that is held by every person for a specific time span. So as to shape such an association, bunch solidarity must exist. Every individual from the gathering must feel a feeling of reliance on different individuals to follow their commitment to consistently add to the reserve. Commonly, individuals from a turning credit affiliation know a lot about one another; where every part lives, what every part accomplishes professionally, and so on. In this way, a high level of perceivability exists among the individuals, which serves to reinforce the endeavors to screen the gathering and assent freaks. Furthermore, the thought of notoriety in the gathering assumes a significant job; the individual serves to ensure their familys great name by acting in a trustworthy way. However, there consistently exists the hazard that an individual (a levelheaded prideful person) will escape with the reserve while it is their chance in the pivot to hold the cash, in this way making the gathering breakdown and leaving the others without access to credit. For this situation, one can reason that deviation is more uncertain in light of the fact that every individual from the gathering is exceptionally related on each other. Likewise, except if the freak anticipated totally vanishing from society he would make some hard memories making future business exchanges. Expression of the freaks activity would spread creation it far-fetched for him to engage with another credit affiliation or undertaking. In this manner, staying on favorable terms with the turning credit affiliation is to the greatest advantage of the person. Presently lets go to another model, protection gatherings. We will concentrate on two such associations, British amicable social orders and American brotherly ethnic affiliations. Generally these gatherings were the main formalized protection reserves. Their primary object was to offer installments to their individuals in case of ailment, passing, inability, an awful harvest, or transitory cutback. Notwithstanding their job as promoters the protection bunches furnished their individuals with other aggregate products. The British neighborly social orders cultivated a social situation where their individuals would have the option to have a discharge from their every day schedule. The gatherings regularly arranged their gatherings in bars, and held summer picnics and other such occasions for the individuals families. So also, the American friendly ethnic affiliations gave a way to ongoing workers to remain on top of their local culture through music, move, and games. Likewise, the ethnic affiliations offered instructive and semantic assets to help their individuals with acclimatizing into their new condition in America. As should be obvious the advantages of being a piece of a protection bunch were gigantic. Be that as it may, keeping the protection finance dissolvable was a similarly gigantic endeavor. There were bunch issues the store could experience. On the off chance that everybody in the protection bunch was about a similar age exhaustion of the reserve would happen at or around a similar timespan. In this way, the protection bunch needed to keep up a consistent progression of new contestants to prepare for future breakdown. On the off chance that one or a couple of people had sole command over the protection support, false individuals could steal and figure that no one will take note. Hence, choice of reliable and upstanding officials was significant so as to keep up the store and defend against inappropriate dissemination. These two issues speak to issues that necessary checking, and furthermore authorizes if the circumstance justified such activity. All together for bunch solidarity to exist bunch individuals needed to play a proactive job in the dynamic procedure of giving protection benefits. Freaks could undoubtedly record a bogus case, take cash from the reserve, request more cash than they should, or even display more reckless conduct than they in any case would without protection (a marvel known as good danger). However, as a rule, most protection bunch individuals agreed to their commitment to routinely contribute and empowered the protection store to persevere. Utilizing the models drawn from Hechters book through pivoting credit affiliations and protection bunches one can recognize what variables influence a few degenerates to seek after their own individual personal responsibility. In the event that a person in a gathering feels just as the breadth of their commitments is too thorough they will no longer conform to the gatherings rules. The degenerate may choose to free-ride, in which he gathers the gatherings aggregate great without contributing. The degenerate may leave himself open for a horrible reaction from other gathering individuals, which will in the end bring about approvals or expulsion from the gathering. The freak may likewise choose to take, or steal from the gathering, along these lines hardening their removal. The degenerate may even choose to begin an adversary or contending bunch with increasingly ideal conditions. On the other hand, different elements cause people to stay legitimate gathering individuals focused on the solidarity of the gathering. Putting together this with respect to normal decision hypothesis the facts may confirm that an individual gathering individuals personal circumstance matches the aggregate enthusiasm of the gathering. In this circumstance the individual is going about as a reasonable braggart in staying lined up with the objectives of the gathering. Seeking after the aggregate enthusiasm of the gathering amplifies the people utility. Without a doubt, this is the significant explanation people structure bunches in any case, to all in all get an ideal decent more successfully. Also, different elements including keeping up a decent notoriety in the network, and dread of approvals, control some inert freaks to seek after the aggregate enthusiasm of the gathering. They are in an ideal situation as part the gathering. Conflicting with the gathering will just serve to expose these people to undue hardship and sick emotions from individuals whom they share normal interests with. Nonetheless, without a social control or friend pressure, it is probably going to expect that more deviation from the quest for the aggregate great would exist. This idea is shown through Arthur Millers depiction of the Salem witch preliminaries in the film The Crucible. For our investigation we will think about Salem, Massachusetts, a network that showed bunch solidarity. The whole town cooperated to keep up a specific way of life for their families. Salem had a craftsman, metalworker, serve, sheriff, a few ranchers, and

How to Write a Strong Literature Review

How to Write a Strong Literature Review As a university student, there will be times when you will have to write a literature review for a dissertation or a thesis or as a standalone assignment. A literature review is generally a critical analysis of published literature, scholarly journal articles, reports, and books in a particular subject area. Basically, it is a written overview of significant writings and various sources on a selected topic. It provides a brief description, evaluation, and summary of each source. Our below guide will provide you with some expert tips on how to write a strong literature review. Purpose of writing a literature review: The main purpose behind why universities ask students to write a literature review is to assess their comprehensive understanding of a particular subject or a topic. Students can demonstrate their understanding by analysing and reviewing the already existing information. Through a literature review, students can not only make an overview of the key concepts but also identify the major patterns, relationships, strengths and weaknesses in the existing content. It also helps students to identify the gaps in the previous research and find conflicting evidence which is useful in establishing a solid background towards one’s research paper investigation. Structure of a literature review A literature review usually consists of three major parts: Introduction It should give an outline of the purpose behind writing a literature review and should highlight the importance of the chosen topic. An introduction should also include the scope of the review and the aspects of the topic which will be discussed. Students can even mention the time period and sources used in the study while stressing the organisational pattern of the review. Main Body Maintain a steady connection between all the paragraphs and try to establish a consistent flow of the ideas reviewed. Your main body may include historical backgrounds, methodologies, results of previous studies on a similar topic, alternative viewpoints, major queries surrounding the topic and a general conclusion drawn from these discussions. The main body is often divided into sub-sections by themes or into theoretical and empirical parts of the literature review. The theoretical part discusses the  competing theories on the subject whereas the empirical part provides a discussion of evidence that supports or refutes specific theories. Conclusion Give a brief summary of all the major agreements and disagreements mentioned in the review. Critically address any gaps and areas of future research while mentioning your overall perspective on the topic. The content of a literature review An ideal literature review is usually organised around ideas and is different than an annotated bibliography. This means students should not simply list their sources and give details about each of them. A good way of creating the content of a literature review would be to selectively choose sources from your subject area and connect these sources together following a specific theme and adding your critical evaluation of the information. Make sure to use predominantly recent references from high-quality sources such as academic journals and books.

Pepperdine Essay Samples - Things You Can Use

Pepperdine Essay Samples - Things You Can UsePepperdine essay samples are a great way to prepare for an exam that demands a detailed essay. Sometimes you need to write a dissertation in order to secure an internship or even a graduate degree. Most of the time this is a process where you are on your own and are just starting to study for the exam.Now this doesn't mean that you have to go to an advanced school and just hope that you get a spot on the oral exam. Even though your class might have a system that is established for preparing students for these types of exams, it is often the case that you have to work through your mistakes to pass. With this in mind, it is important to know what to do to prepare for the test. Read on to find out what these Pepperdine essay samples can offer you.o Find out the syllabus for the exam. It is common for the professors to read the syllabus and ensure that they include everything that you need to know. This way, you can easily get the information that you need and know how to get a good grade on the test. This is also something that you can use to ensure that you are all prepared before the test starts.o Find out which sample course you are expected to take. When you first start taking classes, you are likely to be assigned a specific type of course. This can help you learn which test prep materials you should be using.o Find out what the sample consists of. Knowing what the sample will cover is important. A lot of the information will come through the sample and whether or not you feel comfortable with that material.o Find out what the samples mean. Many of the sample questions will not have the same answers, so you will need to know what to expect. This can help you feel comfortable as well as help you practice your answers.These are just a few things that you can do to make sure that you have the best essay samples before you take your exam. You should try to find out what the syllabus is in order to get a good idea of wh at the test will cover. When you get your hand on the sample, you should always be prepared for the test so that you can get the best score.

Sustainable Development and Globalization Are Two Popular...

Sustainable development is a pattern of resource use that aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment so that these needs can be met not only in the present, but also for future generations. [pic] A representation of sustainability showing how both economy and society are constrained by environmental limits [pic] Scheme of sustainable development: at the confluence of three constituent parts â€Å"Let’s see the three overlapping circles: one representing environmental needs, one representing economic needs, and one representing community social needs. The area where the circles overlap is the area of sustainability, the area of livability – the area where all the threads of quality of life come together. If we are to†¦show more content†¦ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ORGANIZATIONS EPA The United States Environmental Protection Agency, and a significant resource. Greenpeace The most well known environmental protection group, with a substantial range of campaigns. Greenpeace International Encourage sustainable trade The World Trade Organisation (WTO) promotes free trade for the gain of private interests, over and above our health and the environment. It is fatally flawed and is moving the world in the wrong direction - away from peace, security and sustainability. By stalling on issues that are crucial to poorer countries, the WTO faces a crisis of legitimacy. 1. The WTO is secretive, non-transparent and undemocratic. Meetings are by invitation only, are hidden from public view and are closed to direct public input. 2. The WTO puts trade on the highest pedestal - before our health and the environment. This is because the WTO is driven by narrow corporate interests, like genetic engineering companies and the agri-business. These companies are behind the US attempt to use the WTO as a tool to force feed the world genetically engineered (GE) food. 3. The WTO threatens crucial environmental agreements, like the first legally binding global agreement that allows countries to reject genetically modified organisms, the Biosafety Protocol. 4.Show MoreRelatedGlobalization and Its Impact on Marketing Strategies5001 Words   |  21 PagesDISSERTATION ON â€Å"GLOBALIZATION AND ITS IMPACT ON MARKETING STRATEGIES† OBJECTIVE OF STUDY The objective of this research is to gain a better understanding of the effects of globalization on firms’ international marketing cooperation and performance of firms, both in developed and emerging economies. This dissertation mainly focus on two questions, first is does globalization affect firm performance? And second is the relationship between global market opportunities and performance strongerRead MoreGlobal Cultural Analysis: Italy Essay3313 Words   |  14 Pages(Canali DeCarlo, 2009, pp 8-22). 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Introduction to the concept of globalization†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..2 3. Different areas of effect of globalization†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 4. International finance†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..9 5. The impact of globalization on international finance i. Relationship between globalization and international finance†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....12 ii. Globalization and its impact on developing countries†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreGlobalization Is The Process Of International Integration6873 Words   |  28 Pages Globalization is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture. Advances in transportation and telecommunications infrastructure, including the rise of the telegraph and its development the Internet, are major factors in globalization, generating further interdependence of economic and cultural activities. Though scholars place the origins of globalization in modern times, others trace its history long before theRead MoreSamsung Case Study6174 Words   |  25 PagesJohan Ariffin B1100381 Mohd Roshan bin Mohd Yusop B0101223 Sarkunarajah S B1001971 Wan Arjunaidi Bin Awang @ Wan Abdul Halim E0300073 Abstract Samsung portrayed a very interesting and impressive success story in every aspect of development. Although they were hit hard by financial crisis in 2009, Samsung survived the ordeal with their impressive financial performance. The astonishing part of their achievement is mostly guided by internal management capability, positive aligned cultureRead MoreRule Of Law And Development10265 Words   |  42 PagesRule of Law and Development A Mutual Reinforcement Executive Summary The Post 2015 development agendas which are often called as the next generation MDGs includes Rule of Law, one of the most crucial component of development around the world. Precisely for developing countries like Bangladesh, the fragile state of rule of Law and access to justice implicates the downward situation of development, especially from the human rights perspective. This paper will analyze the sourcesRead MoreGlobalization and Its Impact on Malaysia13672 Words   |  55 PagesIf youre totally illiterate and living on one dollar a day, the benefits of globalization never come to you. Jimmy Carter In the US, most progressives start to see the differences between internationalism and economic globalization. David Korten It has been said that arguing against globalization is like arguing against the laws of gravity. Kofi Annan People have accused me of being in favor of globalization. This is equivalent to accusing me of being in favor of the sun rising in the morningRead MoreCsr Theories13535 Words   |  55 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility Theories: Mapping the Territory Elisabet Garriga, `  ´ Domenec Mele ABSTRACT. The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) ï ¬ eld presents not only a landscape of theories but also a proliferation of approaches, which are controversial, complex and unclear. This article tries to clarify the situation, ‘‘mapping the territory’’ by classifying the main CSR theories and related approaches in four groups: (1) instrumental theories, in which the corporation is seen as only

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The Canadian Healthcare System The Principles Of The...

Healthcare systems and policies are the organizational frameworks that reflect and support the health goals of populations to optimize patient care. The Canadian Health Care System has a long history of improving and refining existing legislations in order to meet the dynamic needs of the population. However, a current and notable barrier to access healthcare resources for individuals is drug costs, with 22% of total Canadian prescription drug costs being paid out of pocket by patients (1,2). In response, the Government of Ontario plans to implement Ontario Health Insurance Plan Plus (OHIP+) effective January 1, 2018 as a means of alleviating this financial barrier for a portion of population that meet certain criteria. OHIP+ aims to†¦show more content†¦The continuity of care is a fundamental principle of enhancing patient experience in the healthcare system, and ultimately patient care. The implications of OHIP+ being available solely to the population of ages 0-24 inclusi ve, threatens the objective underlying continuity of care. The American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) describes the continuity of care as being concerned with the quality of care over time (6). Often times, the continuity of care is perceived as the coordinated transition between institutions and health care providers, but continuity of care can also be interpreted as individuals having a continuous service accessible to them over time. With OHIP+ coverage being limited to the ages of 24 and under, individuals that are 25 years of age become especially susceptible to the drug cost burden as they lose access to the additional drug coverage provided by OHIP+. In doing so, the continuity of care is potentially compromised if other barriers to access, namely cost, prevent the individual from adhering to the needed medications. This inability to purchase prescription drugs out of pocket is known as cost-related nonadherence (CRNA), and poses as a health risk for patient outcomes, l eading to increased costs in other areas of the healthcare system (1,7). In acknowledgement of the importance of early recognition and prevention strategies in overall wellness, OHIP+ canShow MoreRelatedFederal, Provincial And Territorial Governments1585 Words   |  7 PagesCanada’s health care system including the achievement of the social determinants of health such as proper housing, education, sanitation for every eligible citizen (Health Canada, 2011). Majority of the responsibilities of delivering, maintaining and improving health and social services are directed by the provincial and territorial governments, while the federal government is responsible for funding health care services to provinces and territories that are covered by the Canada Health Act (CHA)Read MoreThe United States And Canada843 Words   |  4 PagesStates society upholds the American Bill or rights; it is organized around the Declaration of Independence, â€Å"life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness† (Barr 36). Alternatively, Canadian foundational principles were built upon collectivist concepts. The Canadian government preserves the principle of parliamentary supremacy; it is organized around â€Å"peace, order, and good government† (Barr 36). 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The healthcare system in Canada consists of universal coverage for medically necessary health care services (Health Canada, 2012b). For this to run effectively, the system is maintained by both the federal and provincial government to ensure that all Canadians are receiving the same standard of care. HistoryRead MoreComparison Presentation Assignment 5959 Words   |  4 PagesComparison Presentation Assignment: 5 | Health Economics, HSA 510, Dr. Lewis Mustard | Kristie Parker, December 19, 2012 | 1. Select three to four main aspects that you discovered in your research to highlight. The first thing that I would like to highlight in my research of Canadian universal healthcare vs. US healthcare is that Canadian health care is federally funded and covers mostly all of the medical services used by the residents. 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As pointed out in The Canadian Regime, â€Å"In European Countries, drugs are covered by public insuranceRead MoreEssay On Canadas Healthcare System867 Words   |  4 Pagesto a universal healthcare system, celebrating cultural diversity of the people and the educational opportunities are elements that contribute to Canada’s remarkable reputation. To appreciate the benefits of Canada, it is important to acknowledge the history and effectiveness of these organizations. Canada’s healthcare system is viewed as â€Å"one of the most beneficial systems in the world†(QUOTE) for the reason that it focuses on promoting the overall health and happiness to all Canadian citizens. TheRead MoreHealth Care Criteria Throughout the World853 Words   |  4 Pagesfollow in order to establish health care for people in different societies. The way the resources are allocated, and the standard of health care delivered, varies from country to country. When you think about healthcare services around the world, there are so many diverse countries that run health care in different ways. Comparing the United States to other countries such as Canada and Poland is very interesting in the part of how health care is handled. Health care is an important service that touches

The Effects Of Video Games On People Essay - 2291 Words

Since its inception, video games have faced the everchanging praise and scrutiny of society. In recent years, gaming has reached the forefront of society, growing exponentially every 3-5 years, which comes at a cost. Psychological, physical, cultural research is done to determine the impact video games have on people, specifically how it shapes minds, creates opinions, and its practical use. As with anything in mainstream society, it is hard to reach a consensus on a subject, so you must turn to scientific research to reach a valid conclusion. Societies in today’s world encompasses millions to hundreds of millions of people, who all have differing opinions, which leaves room for misinterpretations and misconceptions. There are many misconceptions in the gaming community, many of which are low hanging fruit that exist in every topic, so I’m going to try and only talk about the more recent or most damaging ones, if taken as truth. The most damaging one, in my opinion, is the apparent link to aggression. Research done, most notably by the APA show a â€Å"consistent relation† between (violent) game use and increased aggressive behavior. These â€Å"findings† do not explore the entire picture, statistics show there is a much higher rate of violent crime in the U.S. compared to countries like Japan or South Korea, where the gaming industry revenue is still in the billions. (Top Countries) Just based on this data, it shows there are confounding variables these studies fail to account for.Show MoreRela tedVideo Games Effect on People624 Words   |  3 Pages Video games are almost always present in any house that is home to an adolescent child. While video games are popular among people of all ages, adolescent children are usually the most involved. An article was developed by three members of the Psychopathology department at a university in the Netherlands. While addressing the use of video games the statement was made that â€Å"Today, in the United States, 91% of children between the ages of 2 and 17 play video games†(Granic, Lobel, Engels). ChildrenRead MoreViolent Video Games Effect People1720 Words   |  7 PagesVideo games are almost always present in any house that is home to an adolescent child. While video games are popular among people of all ages, adolescent children are usually the most involved. An article was developed by three members of the Psychopathology department at a university in the Netherlands. While addressing the use of video games the statement was made that â€Å"Today, in the United States, 91% of children between the ages of 2 and 17 play video games†(Granic, Lobel, Engels). ChildrenRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Young People And Children2509 Words   |  11 Pagespopularity of video-games, especially violent video games, has reached phenomenal proportions. 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But you had to have bicycles to one day have motor cars.† Video games are important to both the economy and people’s lives and â€Å"have been by far the most significant manifestation of interactive media toRead MoreThe Effects of Violent Video Games on the Behavior of Adolescents and Young People792 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Violent Video Games Introduction The debate about violent video games and whether or not those games influence the behavior of young people in particular, young boys has been going on for many years. There is no doubt that video games are very popular among pre-adolescents and adolescents. 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Sometimes people think about video games and think oh no big deal but there is a lot that goes into them and they can have different effects on people. Violent video games have the most effect on people and most of them are negative. Educational games tend to have the best effect on people and can help them. Many people argue both sides and do not see them for what they are and think my kids won’t be affected but they will as more articles state andRead MoreVideo Games : Video Game Violence Essay1693 Words   |  7 PagesVideo Game Violence Blood and gore, intense violence, strong sexual content, use of drugs. These are just a few of the phrases that the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) uses to describe the content of several games. The future of entertainment revolves around technology. Along with the evolvement of technology, video games are also changing. More ways of playing violent video games are created each year, but most of us have this question in mind; do violent video games influence peopleRead MoreThe Effects of Violent Video Games Essay1685 Words   |  7 PagesSince violent video games, like Mortal Kombat, were created, adolescents who play these games become more aggressive than before. To me, playing violent video games is unsafe for these people since they have the negative influence on these people. I believe that researching on that topic would help us get the sense of what problems to avoid. I wish to know what are the possible effects of violent video games on adolescents’ aggr ession. The independent variable is violent video games, and the dependentRead MoreEffects Of Video Games On Mental Health1120 Words   |  5 PagesDoes video game have an effect on mental health? There is a lot of research into what affects gaming has on childrens mental health, consequently there is research into both sides of the argument. Gaming has an effect on mental health, but not necessarily in a negative way. I strongly argue that gaming affects mental health in a positive way so accordingly I will set out to prove it. We will be discussing a wide range of sources, showing a variety of views, describing how video games are good

Gift of Life Rotary Foundation

Question: Discuss about the Article for Gift of Life for Rotary Foundation. Answer: Introduction Gift of life international is a rotary based organization, that is operating in 71 countries since four decades. It has helped around 18,000 children among the countries with their treatment of heart diseases. Throughout the world, this association has generated 70 such programs which aims at providing the medical aid and treatment to the under privileged children of the countries. Gift of life develops sustainable pediatric cardiac surgery and aftercare programs for the children (Giftoflifeinternational.org) Gift of life has divided its mission into three segments, as diagnostic screening mission, medical mission and training visits. Diagnostic screening missions aims at providing the need for treatment and diagnose in some specific country, where the treatment for heart diseases is not feasible to be conducted due to inadequate facilities and income. gift of life provides team of professionals to take care of children who do not have a possible chance of having a healthy life. gift of life has initiated a program called our hearts are in... that promotes training the professionals and sending the team to underdeveloped places of the world, thereby, helping the people. As stated by Cameron, the rotary clubs support of the gift of life international partnership has been one of the successful collaboration that is helped gift of life with the support on various mission trips. Rotary districts aims at providing various financial help on the medical trips, training programs and education for the students and medical professionals along with the in country support (Rotary.org).Their partnerships aims at helping children and families with congenital heart diseases across the globe. Being an efficient leader of the gift of life international foundation, it would be my responsibility to maintain and accomplish the mission of the association. The organization must be approved and complied by all the legal and administrative circumstances. In order to have a smooth functioning of the association, it is quite necessary for an organization like gift of life to gain various investments. It should be my duty to approach various new strategies and policies that enhances the approach of raising investments. The mission of the program should be well carried out by having an efficient management system that deals in accessing the countries, collecting data regarding the standard of living, making various implementations and advancements in the field of technology associated with the organization. Being a leader, it must be an initiation from my side, to include various operational strategies that helps in carrying the above mentioned facilities (Kodatt ). Conclusion Gift of life international , being an rotary based organization, is one of the most well known organizations. It helps the children and families around the world with a moral cause. Helping the under developed parts of various countries in dealing with heart diseases. This essay has been focussed in order to analyse the ways in which rotary club supports the organization and how, I should frame an efficient framework being a leader of this association. Reference "Gift Of Life International. Saving Lives One Heart At A Time". Giftoflifeinternational.org. N.p., 2016. Web. 27 Sept. 2016. "The Rotary Foundation | My Rotary". Rotary.org. N.p., 2016. Web. 27 Sept. 2016. Cameron, Chantal. "Rotary Club of Lincoln (Ontario) fonds, 1995-2014." (2016). Kodatt, Stephanie A., et al. "Leadership qualities emerging in an online social support group intervention."Sexual and Relationship Therapy29.4 (2014): 467-475.

Saint Leo Core Values free essay sample

The principles of the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights relates to the Saint Leo Universities core value of community in a number of ways. Let’s start from the beginning of the declaration. In the preamble it mentions Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women and have determined to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom. Saint Leo’s core value states that Saint Leo University develops hospitable Christian learning communities everywhere we serve. We foster a spirit of belonging, unity and interdependence based on mutual trust and respect to creates socially responsible environments that challenge all of us to listen, to learn, to change and to serve. Saint Leo University doesn’t discriminate. Every man and woman have the right to study at Saint Leo University if they so choose to. We will write a custom essay sample on Saint Leo Core Values or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This leads us to the second article. Article two states that Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty. Saint Leo University doesn’t regard your race or nationally when making a decision for you to study with them. Article eighteen states Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance. No matter what religion you worship, Saint Leo’s only intentions are to continue to provide the Christian learning community. Not all religious courses taught at Saint Leo are geared toward one community. Article nineteen states Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. I am currently enrolled in religious 123 â€Å"Intro to the Old Testament† and I am not a Christian but the course and the instructor allow me to voice my opinion freely regardless of what religion group the instructor is a part of they don’t criticize my way of thinking or they don’t push the issue to convert me to their Christianity. The second part of article twenty-six which states Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace reverts back to the previous statement I was saying about the instructors not trying to convince you to see it their way and their way only. Saint Leo University is devoted to provided quality education to those to qualify and to those who want it.

Racism Debate Essays - English-language Films,

Racism Debate Racism Debate By M. Odeh There is a major argument among literary critics whether The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, is, or is not a racist novel. The question comes down to the depiction of Jim, the black slave, and to the way Huck and the other characters treat him. The use of the word nigger is a main point raised by many critics, who feel that Twain uses the word too much and too loosely. Although Mark Twain never presents Jim in a completely negative light, he is not considered a true equal. He does not show him as a drunkard, as a mean person or as a cheat. This is in contrast to the way Hucks (white) father is depicted, whom is described using the all of the above characterizations. He is however, very na?ve and superstitious. This may be taken to imply that all blacks have these qualities. When Jim turns to his magic hairball for answers about the future, we see that he does believe in some foolish things. However, both whites and blacks for answers to what the future holds would visit him. This depiction of Jim is not negative in the sense that Jim is stupid or inferior, and in this aspect of the story there is no clear racism. It is necessary to analyze the way the white characters treat Jim throughout the book. In the South during that period, black people were treated less than human, and Twain needed to portray this. A few examples of Jim being denigrated were his being locked up, having to hide his face in the daytime and how he is generally derided. It is mentioned in the novel that the author did not necessarily approve of the way Jim was treated, but that it was necessary for historical accuracy. Huck, however, does not treat Jim the way most of the white characters did though. Huck looks at Jim as a friend, and by the end of their journey disagrees that blacks are inferior. There are two main examples of this in the story. The first one is where Huck is disgusted by Jims plans to steal his own children, who are someone elses property. While Huck is still racist here, Twain has written the scene in a way that ridicules the notion that someones children can actually be the property of a stranger just because the father is black. The second example is where Huck does not tell the whereabouts of Jim, which would return Jim to slavery. He instead makes the choice of going to Hell in order to keep his new friends freedom a secret. The more obvious example that supports the notion that the novel is racist is the constant use of the word nigger. This is not a good reason because this is how blacks were referred to during that time in history. To use the word African-American would have taken away from the storys impact. On a superficial level Huck might appear racist. The first time the reader meets Jim; he is given a very negative description. The reader is told that Jim is illiterate, childlike, not very bright, and very superstitious. However it is very important to realize who is giving this description and of whom it is being given to. Although Huck is not a racist child, he has been raised by an extremely individuals who have, even if subconsciously, ingrained some feelings of bigotry into his mind. It is also important to keep in mind that blacks at the time were not permitted any form of formal education, were never allowed independent thought and were constantly maltreated and abused. Twain is merely portraying by the way of Jim, a very realistic slave raised in the South during that period. To say that Twain was racist because of his desire for historical accuracy is absurd. Despite the few incidences in which Jims description might be misconstructed as racist, there are many points in the novel where Twain through Huck, voices his extreme opposition to the slave trade and racism. In chapter six, Hucks father fervently objects to the governments granting of suffrage to an educated black professor. Twain wants

How Does One Distinguish Between Writing an Essay in the Sample Essay on Surveillance, the Writer Is?

How Does One Distinguish Between Writing an Essay in the Sample Essay on Surveillance, the Writer Is?The question is, how does one distinguish between writing an essay in the sample essay on surveillance, the writer is. The answer is that it all depends on how the writer writes, what sort of writing he or she does, and the writer's attitude. It all depends on how the writer presents the essay.A writer who is well versed in writing knows how to use his or her writing to evoke the needed emotion to make the reader feel as if what he or she is about to say has a great deal of weight and importance. There are certain ways in which this is done, and the best way to begin is to get a certain element which will be referred to as 'relief'.The writer will have to use this, not to create a sense of sympathy, but just to ease the discomfort the reader may have during the writing process. This is another reason why it is important for a writer to identify the right words and stick to them even w hen faced with an adverse environment.Once you have a few words ready to go, it is time to turn to your next element, the writer. How a writer handles his or her essay will determine how successful he or she is. A good writer can come up with something extraordinary in a short amount of time, and so too can a mediocre writer.How a writer presents his or her essay can mean the difference between writing an essay in the sample essay on surveillance, the writer is. we know this because of the fact that very often, we see essays that come out as one-liners, or quick lines. These writers usually write very poorly, or they lack confidence. They do not have enough confidence in their own writing abilities, and so they choose to use some sort of filler or cliche in order to hide this and make it look like their essay is longer than it actually is.One thing you will want to avoid at all costs, and that is the temptation to jump from one topic to another. When you speak about surveillance, yo u need to make sure that each of your paragraphs, or topics, are only brief, and must be very interesting. Keep the overall topic moving, and if you have any information that is related to your topic, you will want to make sure that you give it at least a paragraph of its own.Finally, the key to writing an honest 'essay' in the sample essay on surveillance, the writer is. we know this because of the fact that each paragraph must deliver the information that is necessary but also must convey to the reader some sort of emotion or feeling. However, how a writer carries this information is extremely important. In order to do this, a writer should use his or her 'relief' factor; this is where a certain element comes into play, and so too does the emotionality.

The Runner (Influential characters in the novel) essays

The Runner (Influential characters in the novel) essays In The Runner, the characters Mr. Tillerman (Bullets father) and Patrice (Bullets employer) both influence Bullet in the way as to which his behavior is constantly altered throughout the novel. Both Mr. Tillerman along with Patrice compared very much to each other in that they influenced Bullets behavior in many ways the same. Contrary to both their influential comparison, they also influenced Bullet in very contrasting ways from each other. Mr. Tillerman tended to influence Bullet negatively for the most part, and Patrice positively; yet in a way their, what seems to be consistent, influences on Bullet also took opposite affects than what they were intended. Mr. Tillerman, Bullets father, and perhaps Bullets worst enemy, had a great affect on his sons life. In retrospect to the beginning of the novel, and also throughout it, Bullet would often seem to be angered by his fathers actions and words. It was things like his fathers demands for Bullet to get a haircut, the reason being that he looked like a girl that really drove Bullet to make the decisions he made in life. Bullet took these negative comments and demands and turned them into somewhat his fuel for running. Through his anger towards his father, Bullet used that as his motive to excel in his seemingly only pastime: running. Likewise, in a positive way, to how Bullets father influenced him, Patrice also had the same affect, although Patrice was most subtle in doing so. It was just the way that Patrice responded to Bullet purposely trying and trying to anger the man by throwing a really large crab overboard that was a really good catch. His response was simply no re sponse, which oddly enough said a lot. Patrice seemed to keep an open mind about things in which eventually rubbed off on Bullet, influencing Bullets decisions in a positive way as well. From a long-term point of view, Mr. Tillerman and Pat...

Training and Assessment TAEDEL301A Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Training and Assessment TAEDEL301A - Essay Example But within a few days of regular practice, one’s reflexes get tuned in with the whole process and one starts following it automatically. The task of driving can be explained from the perspective of the behaviouristic and cognitive theories. According to behaviourism, the reflexes of the body get conditioned to an action that it performs repetitively; hence in the presence of the stimulus, the body performs the task automatically. According to cognitive principles, with regular practice or repetition of a particular task, the mind adjusts and accommodates the new knowledge with the existing knowledge to form a new knowledge structure. As a result, the knowledge of the task passes from the short term memory to the long term memory and makes the learning permanent. The learner can be provided different types of trouble shooting cases and asked to resolve them. Practising the task in different contexts/situations would reinforce the acquired knowledge/skill. This task should be practised on a regular basis. It would help the learner respond quickly to situations and handle any kind of situation. In case of trouble shooting in customer care, the most effective way to determine learner performance is through customer feedback. The other way of evaluating is through mock test, where peers are acting as customers and the learning participant has to resolve the problems that each one comes up with. This assessment tool is relevant for evaluating the learner’s performance because it helps the instructor to see the learner in action. On the part of the learner, he/she also gets a real feel of doing the task hands-on and also understanding where he/she needs to improve. Learning takes place through adaptations and changes. Without initiating a change in the performance level or capacity of the learner, real learning cannot be facilitated. New knowledge structure

Impact of Computer Technology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Impact of Computer Technology - Research Paper Example From the essay it is clear that the cost effective and instant communication over these networks has left other technologies far too behind and facilitated humans to communicate and process information in a remarkable and innovative way. Social networks enables people to create effective communication channels for exchanging ideas and thoughts with class mates, old friends, lost friends, relatives, and new friends. Computerized social networks have advantages as well as disadvantages later to be discussed. The factors impacting on the population are interrelated to each other. The severity of the impact of these technologies may differ from low to high risks. According to the report findings the computerized social networks also contributed to support the educational correspondence regarding student assignments, career counseling and college planning. Students are able to co ordinate with each other regarding multiple educational topics and suggestions. Students improve their visual, writing, reading and conflict resolution skills by discussing about issues on various matters with all level of students available around the globe. These features can be achieved by connecting to the Internet and registering to the free social networks. Students with low income can also utilize these services due to free of charge. Studies have shown that computerized social networks have also increased quality of life. Social media can contribute via computerized social networks which will be an alternative to a traditional way of communication.

Corruption in Colombia Essay Example for Free

Corruption in Colombia Essay There has been a four-decade long conflict between government forces and anti-government groups, such as the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia (FARC) who are funded by the drug trade, has escalated over the years. Since about 2002 the violence has decreased a slit amount because of the lack of the military and popular support necessary to overthrow the government. However these groups of insurgents have continued to attack civilians. Large areas around Columbia are under the revolutionary influence. By the end of 2006, more than 31,000 former governments’ officials had ceased to function as long as the formal organization the United Self Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC). When this occurred criminal groups arose and members included former government officials. The Colombia Government has made efforts to advance government control throughout the country. In order to understand how corruption is affecting Colombia, we must first examine concrete economical statistics. The Colombian Peso exchange rate depreciated 6. 64 percent against the US Dollar during the last 12 months. The Colombian Peso spot exchange rate specifies how much one currency, the USD, is currently worth in terms of the other, the COP. While the Colombian Peso spot exchange rate is quoted and exchanged in the same day, the Colombian Peso forward rate is quoted today but for delivery and payment on a specific future date. Colombian pesos (COP) per US dollar: 1,869. 9 (2010) 2,157. 6 (2009) 2,243. 6 (2008) 2,013. 8 (2007) 2,358. 6 (2006) According to the CIA World Factbook, Colombia is ranked 59th in exports and 54th in imports. In May of 2011 Colombia exports were worth 4704 Million USD and imports were worth 4931 Million USD. Their major exports are petroleum, coffee, coal, nickel, gold and, nontraditional exports. Their major imports are industrial and transportation equipment, consumer goods, chemicals, paper products, fuels, and electricity. The total population in Colombia was last reported at 45. 9 million people in 2010 from 16. 0 million in 1960, changing 187 percent during the last 50 years. Colombia has 0. 67 percent of the world? s total population which means that one person in every 150 people on the planet is a resident of Colombia. The unemployment rate in Columbia from 2000 until 2010 averaged at 14. 7 percent. The highest percentage was in January of 2001 when it was 20. 99 percent. The lowest percentage was in November of 2007 when it was 8. 91 percent. Labor force is the number of people employed plus the number unemployed but seeking work. The non-labor force is those who are not looking for work, those who are institutionalized, and those serving in the military. According to the World Bank, the Colombia Gross Domestic Product is worth 288 billion dollars or 0. 46% of the world economy. Colombias average GDP was 60. 55 billion dollars and reached the highest dollars in December of 2010. Colombia is a free market economy with major commercial and investment ties to The United States. Transition from a highly regulated economy has been underway for more than 15 years. Colombias average annual economic growth rate was of over 5% from 2002 to 2007. The inflation rate in Colombia was last reported at 3. 3 percent in August of 2011. Inflation rate refers to a general rise in prices measured against a standard level of purchasing power. The most well-known measures of Inflation are the CPI which measures consumer prices, and the GDP deflator, which measures inflation in the whole of the domestic economy. Corruption’s negative impact on Colombian Foreign Direct Investment is reflected by the poor image of Colombian government by its citizens. The Colombian government, although less developed and more corrupt, is structured similarly to the United States’ government. However unstable it may be, it is a republic and consists of three branches: executive, legislative and judicial. Also like the United States, Colombia is dominated by two major political parties, the Colombian Conservative Party and the Colombian Liberal Party. Because of the natural radicalism of the two parties, two major civil wars have resulted from their existence, The Thousand Days War and La Violencia. The Thousand Days War is a prime example of how the corruption of the Colombian government has made Foreign Direct Investment a very difficult achievement for Colombia. The Thousand Days War was a civil war fought between the Conservative Party of Colombia and the Liberal Party of Colombia, sparked by corruption. In 1898, Conservative Party member Manuel Antonio Sanclement, was elected president of Colombia. This was very controversial because it was believed that significant election fraud had made this possible. As Sanclement was an adamant Liberal Party oppose, the Colombian Liberal Party waged war. The war, which lasted 4 years, claimed an estimated 100,000 lives. As devastating of a loss as 100,000 people is, the worst outcome of The Thousand Days War may be that it did little to resolve the extreme differences between the Liberal and Conservative Parties of Colombia. The Thousand Days War was soon followed by a second civil war more commonly known as La Violencia. La Violencia was also a war founded on corruption. It was sparked by the assassination of the Liberal Party leader Jorge Eliecer Gaitan. After the assassination in 1948, Conservative Party leader Laureano Gomez, was the uncontested elected president in 1950. Under Gomez’s power, there was an increased rate of violence, specifically by the liberals of Colombia who were very upset about Gomez’s rise to power. Gomez was overthrown by a military coup led by General Gustavo Rojas Pinilpla in 1953. However, Rojas proved to be just as corrupt his predecessor and was soon overthrown by the Colombian military, with the support of both the Conservative and Liberal parties. La Violencia, a time properly named after and extreme period of violence and conflict, lasted from 1946 to 1957. Within that timespan it claimed an estimated 300,000 Colombian lives. The following chart shows the number of Colombian citizens who are murdered per 100,000 people by year. What is more concerning than its high rates, is that it continued to increase even after La Violencia. These extreme rates of murder and frequent conflicts are heavily dependent on the poor image citizens have of the Colombian government. There is a lack of trust in the Colombian government. Historically, governmental corruption is common practice in Colombia, just as it is a frequent occurrence that violent rebellions and civil wars take place in order to transfer power between the two political parties. This poor government infrastructure and lack of control allows corruption to run wild in Colombia making it a very difficult place for Foreign Direct Investment. This poor image of government in Colombia did not see much improvement after La Violencia. Another violent problem emerged with narco-terrorism. Colombia has become notorious for its cocaine production. In 2008, Colombia was the sources of 50% of the world’s cocaine. It is an industry which is very frequently held out violently, leading to what is known as narco-terrorism. In 1990, three presidential candidates were killed by narco-terrorists. With the rise of drug trafficking in Colombia, it appears that narco-terrorists have more control than the Colombian government. Although Colombian government has always struggled with corruption, there have recently been many signs of improvement towards a better country for Foreign Direct Investment. Within the past decade, several laws have been passed to weaken drug cartels and strengthen governmental control. From 2002 to 2008 Colombia has seen a decrease in many historically struggling areas. Its homicide rate dropped 44%, its kidnapping rates dropped 88%, its terrorist attacks dropped 79% and its attacks on country’s infrastructure dropped 60%. These tremendous improvements show an increase in governmental authority in Colombia. If Colombia can continue to improve in these areas and demonstrate that its government can have more control over its people, without corruption, it will become a much better candidate for Foreign Direct Investment. In August 2010, President Santos, introduced a legislation that would distribute industry incomes to Columbians who have lost their land due to violence. He also is trying to make improvements through domestic security. Columbia is third largest exporter of oil to the United States. Foreign direct investment from 2008 to 2009 went from $10 billion to $7. 2 billion. Even though records show that it has dropped $2. 8 billion, in 2010 it began to recover their losses through the oil sector. Because of their financial crisis the economy didn’t grow significant amount till 2010 then it grew 4. %. Before that the growth was a low percentage. With the challenges that Colombia’s faces it requires major improvement to sustain economic expansion. The outrageous amount of corruption in Colombia is hindering its economy and stopping it from becoming a safe and stable country. Although it is one of the oldest democracies in Latin America, Colombia has some of the most corrupt elections. An estimated 130,000 candidates are running for election at the local, regional, and national levels. 10% of these candidates have proven criminal records. About a third of their senate is currently under investigation for parapolitics and many of which are already in jail. The corrupt election are stopping Colombia from having a stable government which is stopping foreign investors from taking the risk of putting money into Columbia, meaning less jobs and poorer quality of life for the average Colombian. In 2005 the parapolitics scandal was uncovered and left the Colombian senate in chaos. The Colombian senate seats 102, and with 51 senators now being investigated and 29 in jail, they are virtually paralyzed. As each senator is arrested, it delays the agenda for legislation even more. Paramilitary leaders have confessed to hundreds of thousands of crimes including murders, abductions, rapes, narcotics, and extortion. They have also confessed to backing many politicians in an attempt to be protected outside of the law. Many members of the former president of Colombia, President Alvaro Uribe’s party were arrested for parapolitics showing the world how unstable the Colombian government is. One of the arrested politicians includes the president’s cousin Mario Uribe who has had very close ties to the president both family-wise and politically. This influenced the United States greatly and in 2007 a package of military aid destined for Colombia from the United States was blocked in the U. S. senate because of fear of election corruption. Colombia depends on the U. S. greatly, as it is number 3 in the world for U. S. military aid. The aid is used to assist in fighting the drug war and without it; more violence and corruption will take place. Paramilitary has a huge effect on the elections conducted in Columbia. There are around 20,000 paramilitary fighters in the country all growing from their creation in the 1980’s. In 2010 armed groups killed over two dozen candidates running for election and at the same time they invested large sums of money to fund their own candidates’ campaigns. Along with bribing people to run for them, these armed groups will also pay the public for individual votes. This can be as much as $40 per person in some places. Other times they will also use sheer military force to intimidate the public into voting for them. Many of the jailed parapoliticians have others running in their place as puppets while they are still in jail. Caracol news agency reported that 18 of the candidates in 2010 were â€Å"political front men† for ex-senators. There was an increase in the amount of women running for election which usually is considered a good thing. The truth is that the ones with the best chance for election were being backed by paramilitary families in an attempt to keep seats lost by jailed parapoliticians. The other big problem in Colombia its enormous drug trade and the negative effect it has on the economy. Columbia is the world’s largest cocaine producer and accounts for 43% of coca cultivation (the crop used to make cocaine). 0% of the cocaine found in the United States is Colombian. Combined, Colombian and Mexican drug cartels make an estimated $4. 6 billion exporting to the United States per year. Overall Columbia’s drug trade is about $10 billion / year which is equivalent to 25% of the countries legal exports. In 2008 81,000 hectares of land were being used for illegal coca cultivation. These are staggering numbers and makes you wonder, how is all of this being allowed to happen? If Colombia was not as corrupt as it is, this wouldn’t happen. Many of the drug lords use their influence and resources to pay off politicians, police, and military to turn a blind eye to their drug trade. Attempts have been made to stop this massive drug trafficking but so far it has only slowed it down. Colombia’s defense spending is now at $12 billion per year which is triple the average defense budget of other South American countries. Along with an increased defense budget, the United States has also committed an additional $6 billion since 2001 to help crackdown on the coca production. These are large sums of money that could be spent in other more productive ways. Such as, creating a better national infrastructure and creating jobs. $18 billion is a lot of money to invest in an economy, and currently they are losing all of that potential production because drugs are such a big problem. Drug trafficking and election corruption are both hurting the Colombian economy. Billions of dollars are being spent to stop the corruption but to this point there is still a great deal going on. In order for Colombia to have better production in a global economy, they must prove to the world they have a stable government, and reduce the risks associated with investing in them. Over the past few years, foreign direct investment in Colombia has been gradually increasing as their country has been fighting the corruption and violence that had been prominent. Some of the most advantageous areas for FDI are technology, fuels – such as coal, oil and natural gas and infrastructure. One reason that fuel is a wise choice for FDI is because Colombia has much more oil than is being used by its population: This excess would allow foreign companies access to enough oil to run more plants at a cheaper cost. Infrastructure is also important because Colombia’s current ease of transportation leaves much to be desired. If a company decided to invest in Colombia’s transportation, it would draw more investors in as said transportation costs decreased. The Colombian government has been actively working to encourage local companies to develop the roadway systems across the country to attempt to make Colombia more attractive to foreign investors. While several countries are investing in Colombia, the United States is the lead investor by over 30%. It is certainly beneficial to have a strong investor, however it can be problematic for one country to control so much of Colombia’s foreign direct investment. Having investments in Colombia is helpful for the United States because Colombia is a relatively close population of cheap labor without many of the highly-regulated working conditions that are found in more developed, less corrupt countries. As a surprisingly strong investor, Anguilla contributes 20% of Colombia’s foreign direct investment. For a country whose economy is largely based on tourism, it is interesting to see their commitment to a local country that has very little tourism because of its reputation for violence, drugs and corruption. Foreign direct investment has been increasing in the recent years due to Colombia’s higher regulation of corruption and desire to control the violence in the streets. Many businesses are beginning to trust Colombia to protect their product rights and property, although Colombia is still far from stable and dependable. While crime rates are slowly decreasing in Colombia, most businesses still avoid investing in Colombia because of its reputation for extensive riots and drug wars. If Colombia can decrease their reputation for instability and corruption, they have every opportunity to successfully draw in investment and provide a safer, better future for their citizens. As stated throughout this extensive research paper, corruption can cause a country many problems. One aspect that it affects the most is trade. Countries and corporations are less attracted to corrupt governments opposed to more stable governments. According to Mauro, who analyzed 94 corrupt countries, GDP increased by four percent with a decrease of 2. 38 on his teen point scale; GDP per capita increased by . percent. Mauro contributed to the book, The State in a Changing World, World Development Report 1997. Columbia has had corruption problems for an extended period of time now. Parts of the government have tried to stop such corruption but cooperation from all parts is needed to progress. In order for Columbia to progress they must start at the root. They must analyze what causes corruption and approaches other countries took to successfully start eliminating corruption. A few of the reasons corruption is practiced are to avoid penalties for illegal actions or to get around legal regulations. One overwhelming problem in Columbia, that is no secret to most, is drug trade. Drug cultivating and trade in Columbia is evident due to its geological location and ideal climate. In order to transport these drugs and have farms some drug lords may need to pay off government officials so they can â€Å"turn their eyes† on such activities. In this case both the drug lords and government officials benefit. Corruption will be hard to fight in Columbia due to the fact that the drug industry is estimated to be valued in the billions and whenever there is such a significant amount of money on the line, people are willing to do anything. Regardless of the reason, usually it is for an individual’s personal gain, companies included. Institutional corruption usually arises when government officials have a significant amount of power but little accountability. Most of the time, the officials must have their own financial incentives in order to partake in the corruption. The more control government officials have to regulate corporations the more corruption is likely to occur. If the probability of being caught or punished is low, people will tend to risk dealing with corruption. There are two approaches that must be taken to fight corruption, the first approach must be an institutional approach and the other must be a social approach. To begin an institutional reform towards corruption, Columbia must limit authority. Columbia has a questionable democratic government. With all the corruption going on, the polls could be altered. This is where the social approach comes into play later on. There most prominent branch is the executive branch. This supports the fact that Columbia’s authorities may have too much power. Privatization is believed to be able to reduce corruption by limiting the amount of government interaction with companies. In order to be successful there must be certain regulation put into place. The only problem with this approach is that it has already been taken by Columbia, and while it did improve corruption, it was not notable enough. Columbia has gone as far as privatizing its water supply and while it had many critics at first, it turned out to be a good decision by their part due to the correct regulations put into place. Other suggestions are to increase liberalization by reducing tariffs. This will lead to officials having less access to 1bribes. Competition among public services can also reduce corruption by eliminating monopoly type organizations. By increasing accountability, corruption can be decreased. Accountability includes stricter enforcement and easier detection mechanisms. Accountability can be increased through many ways. Freedom of information legislation can help. To better explain freedom of information legislation, and example would be the Ugandan government began posting prices for services and activities such as registering a car or starting a small business. This eliminates questionable pricing and increases transparency. Another tactic to increase transparency is to implement financial disclosure among government officials. This tactic makes government officials income and assets public. Some South American countries have already began this practice; countries such as Argentina, Brazil, and Chile. Government expenditures and income can also be made public for transparency purposes. This way money won’t go missing and if it does the people will know; this is known as an open budget process. Legislative oversight can benefit Columbia greatly in terms of eliminating corruption. Since Columbia must give more power to its legislative branch rather than its executive branch. A recent example has been one of Columbia’s neighbors, Brazil. The congressional impeachment of President Fernando Collor de Mello demonstrated the strength of the legislative branch. The Brazilian senate has also set up a special committee to investigate potential fraud in selling government bonds. Columbia’s senate should take initiative and also set up some sort of committee to investigate corruption charges. These methods won’t completely eliminate corruption and none will come close to even making an impact if it’s the only method used but if they are combined corruption and decrease considerably. An incentive to avoid corruption would be stricter sanction. By increasing the severity of the punishments people face a higher risk factor when participating in corrupt actions, thus leading them to think twice about their actions. Sanctions may include but are not limited to minimum sentences for taking part in corrupt activities or denying public services for any entity offering bribes, this includes people or companies. Columbia was already on somewhat of a right track when it comes to strengthening their judicial branch’s power. In 1991 Alfonso Valdivieso was appointed attorney general. In Colombia the Attorney General cannot be dismissed or reappointed and he is given investigatory powers. Valdivieso gained world recognition for prosecuting high ranking drug lords and government officials. I would recommend Columbia to ask Valdivieso for help, knowing that he is a reliable source when it comes to corruption. He can’t be Attorney General again but if special unit is formed to combat corruption, he is definitely a guy that should be taken in mind. This concludes possible ways to avoid and reduce corruption from an institutional view point, reducing corruption from a social approach is rather different. The way people are raised and their surroundings affect their views on many things including corruption. If children are raised in a corrupt environment, they will view it not only acceptable but almost necessary. It’s a top down effect where government officials and corporation leaders are at the top. They must set an example for the public to look down on corruption and not endorse it. Public Relations Campaigns can be put into effect to better inform people on the consequences and harm done by corruption that is not too clear. Campaigns can be executed through mass media, community activities or school programs. A few key points that should be emphasized are the effect that corruption has on things such as public services, investments, and inequality. All of these aspects are affected in a negative way. Columbia’s unemployment rate is 11. 8% and its Gini index is 58. 5. These numbers could improve with by decreasing corruption but this fact isn’t evident to most of the population. If people feel like they have a say in the situation and can make a change, they will be more actively supportive. These campaigns should aim towards making people feel as if every little bit of help counts. In Argentina a non-government organization was formed to inform the public about corruption. The organization consists of television and radio ads. Another positive use of media to combat corruption is investigative journalism. Investigative journalism increase transparency greatly. It helps uncover corrupt officials and acts. The truth is what drives investigative journalism rather than just a story. Investigative journalism poses a threat of being exposed towards anyone that is participating in corrupt acts. It is a risky job due to the fact that people being uncovered may have a lot of power. Workshops should be set up to train such journalist. Countries such as Uganda and Tanzania have just that. In a country like Colombia with all the guerilla forces and drug cartels, this is a very important part to investigative journalism. Journalist run the risk of being targeted, so they must be careful and smart in the ways they go about reporting and accessing their findings. Lastly Columbia could search for outside help. Help can come from individual countries or organizations. Organizations such as the United Nations and the World Bank could offer guidelines to help. Both organizations are pretty much powerless but they can help establish treaties that could improve anti-corruption efforts. Individual countries that wish to invest in Columbia could also take initiative and further influence Columbian anti-corruption movements. To recap corruption is mostly if not solely negative towards Columbia’s economic development. It makes Columbia look risky to outside investors hoping to make a Federal Direct Investment. Investors prefer stability rather than turmoil. Due to its geological position, Columbia has faced drug problems for a few decades now. In order to transport these drugs and grow them, bribery and corruption is needed. Columbian citizens and officials should notice that corruptions cons outweigh the pros when it comes to the Columbian economy as a whole. Officials must lead by example and the power of the executive branch should be reduced.